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\u25ce\u5f6d\u555f\u502b\u3000\u91ab\u5e2b1<\/sup><\/p>\n

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\u3000\u3000\u9019\u6bb5\u8a71\u5f88\u76f4\u767d\u7684\u9053\u51fa\u7cbe\u795e\u79d1\u91ab\u5e2b\u5728\u6d89\u8db3\u5211\u4e8b\u8a34\u8a1f\u6240\u9762\u81e8\u7684\u5de6\u652f\u53f3\u7d40\uff0c\u4e26\u61a4\u6012\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u5c0a\u56b4\u5728\u5be9\u5224\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e2d\u88ab\u8e10\u8e0f\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u9020\u6210\u793e\u6703\u5927\u773e\u5c0d\u65bc\u7cbe\u795e\u91ab\u5b78\u7684\u8aa4\u89e3\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u9019\u6bb5\u8a71\u80cc\u5f8c\u8b93\u6211\u60f3\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u53ef\u4ee5\u62c6\u89e3\u4f86\u7d30\u8ac7\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u3000\u3000\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8a3a\u65b7\u5f48\u6027\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u300c\u6b77\u6642\u6027\u300d\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u300c\u540c\u6642\u6027\u300d\u7684\u8a3a\u65b7\u5f48\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5177\u6709\u5171\u4eab\u6027\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u75c5\u56e0\u5c1a\u672a\u660e\uff0c\u4e14\u5c1a\u672a\u51fa\u73fe\u5404\u8a3a\u65b7\u4e4b\u9593\u4ee3\u8868\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6027\u5dee\u7570\u7684\u9451\u5225\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u540c\u6642\u9593\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u5169\u7a2e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8a3a\u65b7\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u6709\u500b\u8001\u4eba\u88ab\u8a3a\u65b7\u70ba\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\uff08\u5982\u5931\u667a\u75c7\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u8eab\u9084\u6709\u63a7\u5236\u4e0d\u4f73\u7684\u9ad8\u8840\u58d3\u3001\u5e15\u91d1\u68ee\u6c0f\u75c7\u7279\u5fb5\u3001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8a18\u61b6\u7f3a\u640d\uff0c\u90a3\u9ebc\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u75c5\u6b77\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u6709\u8def\u6613\u6c0f\u9ad4\u5931\u667a\u75c7\u6216\u8840\u7ba1\u578b\u5931\u667a\u75c7\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8a3a\u65b7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u8a70\u554f\u4e2d\u6279\u8a55\u9019\u5f88\u7c97\u7cd9\u4e0d\u5920\u7cbe\u78ba\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u96de\u86cb\u88e1\u6311\u9aa8\u982d\u822c\u7684\u8aaa\u9451\u5b9a\u7d50\u8ad6\u6240\u4ef0\u8cf4\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0d\u5145\u8db3\u6216\u5f7c\u6b64\u625e\u683c6<\/sup>\uff0c\u5167\u90e8\u908f\u8f2f\u4e0d\u56b4\u6574\u3002\u4f46\u5176\u5be6\u5728\u7cbe\u795e\u91ab\u5b78\u7684\u990a\u6210\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\uff0c\u8a3a\u65b7\u6027\u6703\u8ac7\u7684\u8a13\u7df4\u5df2\u7d93\u76e1\u529b\u85c9\u7531\u8a31\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u53bb\u63a7\u5236\u4e26\u6d88\u5f2d\u8a3a\u65b7\u6b67\u7570\u7684\u767c\u751f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u67d0\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u91ab\u5b78\u754c\u5c0a\u91cd\u8a3a\u65b7\u7684\u6b67\u75707<\/sup>\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u4f60\u8a00\u4e4b\u6210\u7406\uff0c\u80fd\u5c07\u6240\u8490\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u62fc\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u908f\u8f2f\u81ea\u6070\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u722d\u8b70\u9ede\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u662f\u300c\u4e00\u5be9\u3001\u4e8c\u5be9\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u9451\u5b9a\u8a3a\u65b7\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u8cac\u4efb\u80fd\u529b\u5224\u65b7\u4e0d\u540c\u300d\u7684\u72c0\u6cc1\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u8cac\u4efb\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5224\u6e96\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u9678\u6cd5\u7cfb\u8207\u82f1\u7f8e\u6cd5\u7cfb\u570b\u5bb6\u96d6\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u7121\u7368\u6709\u5076\u7684\u7686\u4e0d\u812b\u6700\u65e9\u96c5\u91cc\u65af\u591a\u5fb7\u6240\u63d0\u7684\u300c\u77e5\u300d\u8207\u300c\u610f\u300d\u5169\u90e8\u52068<\/sup>\u3002\u5728\u82f1\u7f8e\u6cd5\u7cfb\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u6642\u671f\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u9084\u884d\u751f\u51fa\u8af8\u5982\u99ac\u514b\u8afe\u9813\u6cd5\u5247\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u6291\u5236\u4e4b\u885d\u52d5\u6cd5\u5247\u3001\u7522\u7269\u6cd5\u5247\u3001\u6a21\u7bc4\u5211\u6cd5\u5178\u7b49\u4e0d\u4e00\u800c\u8db3\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u3002\u6211\u570b\u5211\u6cd5\u7b2c19\u689d\u7b2c1\u9805\u96d6\u662f\u53c3\u8003\u5fb7\u570b\u6cd5\u5236\u800c\u4f86\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7406\u8981\u7d20\u7684\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u8fa8\u8b58\u80fd\u529b\uff08\u8fa8\u8b58\u5176\u884c\u70ba\u9055\u6cd5\uff09\u53ca\u63a7\u5236\u80fd\u529b\uff08\u4f9d\u5176\u8fa8\u8b58\u800c\u884c\u70ba\uff09\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u4e3b\u8ef8\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u898b\u65bc\u82f1\u7f8e\u6cd5\u7cfb\u76f8\u95dc\u5224\u6c7a\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u8cac\u4efb\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u662f\u6cd5\u5b78\u7522\u7269\uff0c\u5728\u91ab\u5b78\u7684\u990a\u6210\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u4e26\u7121\u6d89\u53ca\u3002\u66f4\u4e0d\u7528\u8aaa\u8cac\u4efb\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5167\u6db5\uff1a\u8fa8\u8b58\u884c\u70ba\u4e0d\u6cd5\u6027\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u5167\u6db5\u662f\u6307\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u6cd5\uff1f\u9055\u53cd\u516c\u773e\u9053\u5fb7\u89c0\u5ff5\u7684\u4e0d\u6cd5\uff1f\u9055\u53cd\u500b\u4eba\u9053\u5fb7\u4fe1\u5ff5\u7684\u4e0d\u6cd5\uff1f\u4f9d\u5176\u8fa8\u8b58\u800c\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u5340\u5206\u300c\u4e0d\u80fd\u300d\u6216\u300c\u4e0d\u9858\u300d\uff0c\u591a\u534a\u6d89\u53ca\u50f9\u503c\u5224\u65b7\u8207\u653f\u7b56\u9078\u64c7—\u9019\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u8fa8\u6790\u5c0d\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4eba\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u5728\u6cd5\u5b78\u8a13\u7df4\u4e2d\u5df2\u5982\u547c\u5438\u559d\u6c34\u822c\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u975e\u91ab\u5e2b\u990a\u6210\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4e00\u74b0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u570b\u5916\u96d6\u65e9\u6709\u5617\u8a66\u4ee5\u795e\u7d93\u79d1\u5b78\u6216\u884c\u70ba\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u63a2\u7d22\u5f71\u97ff\u4eba\u985e\u9053\u5fb7\u5224\u65b7\u7684\u8166\u53409<\/sup>\uff0c\u6216\u5c07\u8cac\u4efb\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5167\u6db5\u8f49\u63db\u4e26\u5206\u89e3\u70ba\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u6578\u500b\u69cb\u976210<\/sup>\uff0c\u4e14\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u904b\u7528\u5728\u5be9\u5224\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u53f0\u4e2d\u7259\u91ab\u88ab\u6bba\u684811<\/sup>\u4e2d\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u300c\u9078\u64c7\u3001\u5fcd\u8010\u9072\u5ef6\u3001\u907f\u514d\u902e\u88dc\u3001\u8b66\u5bdf\u5728\u65c1\u300d\u7b49\u5404\u9805\u60c5\u72c0\uff0c\u7d9c\u5408\u5224\u65b7\u88ab\u544a\u4e4b\u63a7\u5236\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u578b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u662f\u5f9e\u570b\u5916\u6cd5\u5236\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u8f49\u63db\uff0c\u80fd\u5426\u5b8c\u5168\u5c0d\u61c9\u6211\u570b\u5c0d\u65bc\u8fa8\u8b58\u80fd\u529b\u8207\u63a7\u5236\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u5c1a\u5f85\u570b\u5167\u66f4\u591a\u5be6\u52d9\u5b78\u8aaa\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u53e6\u5916\u53ef\u8cc7\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9451\u5b9a\u5718\u968a\u4f9d\u7167\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5e7e\u500b\u60c5\u72c0\u5224\u65b7\u88ab\u9451\u5b9a\u4eba\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6703\u56e0\u70ba\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u5224\u65b7\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u6cd5\u9662\u6240\u638c\u63e1\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\u512a\u52e2\u9060\u52dd\u904e\u9451\u5b9a\u5718\u968a\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u7cbe\u795e\u91ab\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u4e26\u975e\u7121\u6cd5\u8f14\u52a9\u5c08\u5bb6\u5224\u65b7\uff0c\u4f46\u6cd5\u9662\u9084\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6700\u7d42\u4ee5\u5c08\u5bb6\u6240\u501a\u8cf4\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e4b\u57fa\u790e\u4e0d\u8db3\u6216\u6709\u8aa4\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5426\u5b9a\u5176\u7d50\u679c\u63a8\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b64\u8655\u53ef\u518d\u722d\u8ad6\u7684\u662f\uff1a\u6240\u907a\u6f0f\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u662f\u5426\u9054\u5230\u672a\u8003\u616e\u5373\u6709\u7d50\u8ad6\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u5373\u4fbf\u6c92\u8003\u616e\uff0c\u8a72\u7455\u75b5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u81f3\u65bc\u5f71\u97ff\u7d50\u679c\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u7cbe\u795e\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u8b8a\u52d5\u6bcf\u65e5\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u82e5\u8b02\u6848\u767c\u6642\u524d\u4e09\u500b\u6708\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6f0f\u672a\u8003\u616e\uff0c\u8a72\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6548\u61c9\u6703\u4e0d\u8b8a\u7684\u7d2f\u7a4d\u4e14\u6700\u7d42\u5f71\u97ff\u5230\u88ab\u544a\u5728\u6848\u767c\u7576\u4e0b\u7684\u8fa8\u8b58\u80fd\u529b\u6216\u63a7\u5236\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u7d30\u81a9\u7684\u8aaa\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u4ee5\u9451\u5b9a\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u9762\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u53ea\u6191\u85c9\u5169\u4efd\u9451\u5b9a\u5831\u544a\u7684\u8a3a\u65b7\u6216\u9451\u5b9a\u7d50\u8ad6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u662f\u96e3\u4ee5\u8a8d\u5b9a\u9451\u5b9a\u7684\u54c1\u8cea\u9ad8\u4f4e\uff0c\u5176\u80cc\u5f8c\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u57fa\u790e\u8207\u8ad6\u7406\u904e\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u624d\u662f\u95dc\u9375\u3002\u90a3\u9664\u4e86\u5167\u5bb9\u9762\u5916\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u7528\u9451\u5b9a\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u9762\u4f5c\u70ba\u6a19\u6e96\u4f9b\u6cd5\u9662\u8a55\u50f9\u5462\uff1f\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u9451\u5b9a\u4eba\u7684\u8cc7\u6b77\u8207\u6559\u80b2\u80cc\u666f\uff1f\u6536\u8cbb\uff1f\u9451\u5b9a\u5831\u544a\u61c9\u9700\u5177\u5099\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8207\u8981\u7d20\uff1f\u9451\u5b9a\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1f\u6709\u7dad\u8b77\u53f8\u6cd5\u7cbe\u795e\u91ab\u5b78\u502b\u7406\u53ca\u544a\u77e5\u88ab\u9451\u5b9a\u4eba\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u7fa9\u52d9\uff1f\u662f\u5426\u9069\u5408\u7528Frye \u6216 Daubert standard\u7b49\u79d1\u5b78\u8b49\u64da\u8a55\u50f9\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1f\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u90fd\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u4f46\u5927\u591a\u9084\u6c92\u6709\u6a19\u6e96\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u8fd1\u4e00\u5169\u5e74\u653f\u5e9c\u8457\u624b\u5211\u4e8b\u8a34\u8a1f\u6cd5\u9451\u5b9a\u7ae0\u7bc0\u90e8\u5206\u689d\u6587\u4fee\u6cd5\u4e2d\u53ef\u7aba\u898b\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8b70\u984c\u7684\u65a7\u947f\u75d5\u8de112<\/sup>\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u570b\u5916\u5224\u6c7a\u53ca\u5b78\u8853\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u591a\u6240\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u6b64\u8655\u7565\u904e\u4e0d\u63d0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u7576\u793e\u6703\u7030\u6f2b\u8457\uff1a\u7cbe\u795e\u9451\u5b9a\u4e26\u975e\u79d1\u5b78\u3001\u6709\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5\u5c31\u7b49\u65bc\u300c\u514d\u6b7b\u91d1\u724c\u300d\u7684\u8ff7\u601d13<\/sup>\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8ff7\u601d\u5c0d\u65bc\u6211\u5011\u60f3\u8981\u9054\u5230\u53bb\u9664\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u6c61\u540d\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u652f\u6301\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u4eba\u5fa9\u6b78\u793e\u6703\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u7d55\u5c0d\u662f\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6253\u64ca\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6211\u5011\u6216\u53ef\u5c31\u91cd\u5927\u77da\u76ee\u722d\u8b70\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u8457\u624b\uff0c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e00\u4ef6\u7684\u5206\u6790\u5224\u6c7a\u66f8\u4e2d\u7bc0\u9304\u4e4b\u9451\u5b9a\u5831\u544a\u53ca\u9451\u5b9a\u91ab\u5e2b\u51fa\u5ead\u63a5\u53d7\u4ea4\u4e92\u8a70\u554f\u7b49\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u6309\u6848\u578b\u5206\u9580\u5225\u985e\uff0c\u64da\u6b64\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u5be9\u7d1a\uff08\u53ca\u9451\u5b9a\uff09\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4e92\u52d514<\/sup>\uff08\u4e00\u5be9\u6cd5\u9662\u5c0d\u4e00\u5be9\u9451\u5b9a\u3001\u4e8c\u5be9\u6cd5\u9662\u5c0d\u4e8c\u5be9\u9451\u5b9a\u3001\u4e8c\u5be9\u6cd5\u9662\u5c0d\u4e00\u5be9\u6cd5\u9662\u3001\u4e8c\u5be9\u6cd5\u9662\u5c0d\u4e00\u5be9\u9451\u5b9a\u3001\u4e8c\u5be9\u9451\u5b9a\u5c0d\u4e00\u5be9\u6cd5\u9662\uff08\u5c11\u898b\uff09\u3001\u4e8c\u5be9\u9451\u5b9a\u5c0d\u4e00\u5be9\u9451\u5b9a\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u8f03\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u722d\u8b70\u578b\u614b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7576\u4e00\u5be9\u3001\u4e8c\u5be9\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u9451\u5b9a\u8a3a\u65b7\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\uff0c\u4e8c\u5be9\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5be9\u5224\u6d3b\u52d5\u6703\u6975\u70ba\u95dc\u6ce8\u4e8c\u5be9\u9451\u5b9a\u4eba\u5982\u4f55\u8a55\u8ad6\u4e00\u5be9\u9451\u5b9a\u5831\u544a\uff1b\u82e5\u5169\u4efd\u9451\u5b9a\u5831\u544a\u7684\u8a3a\u65b7\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u8cac\u4efb\u80fd\u529b\u5224\u65b7\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5be9\u5224\u6d3b\u52d5\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u60f3\u91d0\u6e05\u4e0d\u540c\u9451\u5b9a\u4eba\u6240\u6191\u85c9\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u60c5\u72c0\u70ba\u4f55\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u5206\u985e\u7684\u5340\u5206\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5be6\u76ca\uff0c\u80fd\u5426\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u4e92\u52d5\u985e\u578b\uff0c\u5bb9\u6709\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u53ef\u4f5c\u70ba\u8457\u624b\u8655\u7406\u53f8\u6cd5\u7cfb\u7d71\u8207\u7cbe\u795e\u91ab\u5b78\u4e4b\u9593\u7dca\u5bc6\u4ea4\u932f\u554f\u984c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6700\u5f8c\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u4fc3\u9032\u91ab\u6cd5\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u4e5f\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u64da\u6211\u500b\u4eba\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u570b\u5167\u8f03\u591a\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u662f\u6cd5\u9662\u7aef\u8207\u91ab\u7642\u7aef\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u900f\u904e\u96d9\u65b9\u7e7c\u7e8c\u6559\u80b2\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u8209\u8fa6\u3001\u5ea7\u8ac7\u6703\u3001\u6f14\u8b1b\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u4ea4\u63db\u610f\u898b\uff0c\u4f46\u5f8b\u5e2b\u5718\u9ad4\u8207\u91ab\u7642\u7aef\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u5247\u8f03\u5c11\u3002\u5f88\u597d\u7406\u89e3\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u570b\u7cbe\u795e\u9451\u5b9a\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u6cd5\u9662\u56d1\u8a1715<\/sup>\uff0c\u65e9\u5728\u56d1\u8a17\u4e4b\u521d\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u8207\u91ab\u9662\u5c0d\u65bc\u9451\u5b9a\u984c\u76ee\u7684\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f8c\u7e8c\u51fd\u6587\u5f80\u8fd4\u4e4b\u9593\u90fd\u6703\u9054\u5230\u6e9d\u901a\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff1b\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u50cf\u7f8e\u570b\u7d55\u5927\u591a\u6578\u90fd\u662f\u6aa2\u8faf\u96d9\u65b9\u5404\u81ea\u9078\u5b9a\u4e26\u59d4\u8a17\u9451\u5b9a\u5c08\u5bb6\uff0c\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f8b\u5e2b\u8207\u9451\u5b9a\u5c08\u5bb6\u9700\u8981\u5bc6\u5207\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u9451\u5b9a\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u53ca\u9650\u5236\u3001\u6b0a\u5229\u7fa9\u52d9\u95dc\u4fc2\u7b49\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u9054\u5230\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e92\u76f8\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u8207\u6211\u570b\u6709\u622a\u7136\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u6a23\u8c8c16<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u9451\u5b9a\u7ae0\u7bc0\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u689d\u6587\u4fee\u6b63\u8349\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u53f8\u6cd5\u9662\u6216\u884c\u653f\u9662\u7248\u672c\u7686\u80af\u8a8d\u7576\u4e8b\u4eba\u65bc\u5be9\u5224\u4e2d\u5f97\u81ea\u884c\u59d4\u4efb\u9451\u5b9a\u4eba17<\/sup>\uff0c\u82e5\u672a\u4f86\u7d93\u7acb\u9662\u4e09\u8b80\u901a\u904e\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a31\u53ef\u9810\u671f\u5f8b\u5e2b\u8207\u9451\u5b9a\u4eba\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\u6a5f\u6703\u5c07\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u8a31\u591a\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/sup><\/p>\n

1<\/sup>\u5c4f\u5b89\u91ab\u9662\u91ab\u5e2b\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u53f8\u6cd5\u7cbe\u795e\u91ab\u5b78\u6703\u5b78\u8853\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u66a8\u51fa\u7248\u59d4\u54e1\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5c31\u8b80\u65bc\u53f0\u5927\u79d1\u969b\u6574\u5408\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u3002<\/p>\n

2<\/sup>\u5982\u5609\u7fa9\u6bba\u8b66\u6848\uff1a\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662110\u5e74\u5ea6\u53f0\u4e0a\u5b57\u7b2c3052\u865f\u5211\u4e8b\u5224\u6c7a\uff1b\u53f0\u4e2d\u7259\u91ab\u88ab\u6bba\u6848\uff1a\u9ad8\u7b49\u6cd5\u9662\u81fa\u4e2d\u5206\u9662109\u5e74\u5ea6\u77da\u4e0a\u91cd\u66f4\u4e00\u5b57\u7b2c4\u865f\u5224\u6c7a\uff08\u672a\u5b9a\u8b9e\uff09\uff1b\u65b0\u5e97\u96a8\u6a5f\u6bba\u4eba\u6848\uff1a\u81fa\u5317\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u9662109\u5e74\u5ea6\u91cd\u8a34\u5b57\u7b2c7\u865f\uff08\u672a\u5b9a\u8b9e\uff09\uff1b\u9673\uff2f\u5178\u5bb6\u66b4\u6bba\u4eba\u6848\uff1a\u81fa\u7063\u5f70\u5316\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u9662109\u5e74\u5ea6\u91cd\u8a34\u5b57\u7b2c12\u865f\u5224\u6c7a\uff08\u672a\u5b9a\u8b9e\uff09\uff1b\u6881\uff2f\u9298\u5bb6\u66b4\u6bba\u4eba\u6848\uff1a\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662109\u5e74\u5ea6\uff0e\u77da\u4e0a\u91cd\u66f4\u4e00\u5b57\u7b2c1\u865f\u5224\u6c7a\uff08\u672a\u5b9a\u8b9e\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

3<\/sup>\u8981\u600e\u9ebc\u53bb\u63cf\u7e6a\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u884c\u70ba\u4eba\u53ca\u5176\u884c\u70ba\u300d\u7684\u5716\u50cf\u6bd4\u8f03\u80fd\u5728\u884c\u70ba\u4eba\u8207\u793e\u6703\u4e4b\u9593\u9054\u5230\u4e00\u81f4\uff1f\u6b64\u554f\u984c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u5728\u65bc\uff0c\u662f\u300c\u72af\u7f6a\u4eba\u300d\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\u9084\u662f\u300c\u75c5\u4eba\u300d\u7684\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6538\u95dc\u570b\u5bb6\u5f8c\u7e8c\u7684\u61c9\u5c0d\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4e5f\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u884c\u70ba\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6307\u6d89\u53ca\u81ea\u6211\u89ba\u5bdf—\u300c\u53cd\u8eab\u6027\u300d\uff08reflexivity\uff09\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4f7f\u884c\u70ba\u4eba\u8abf\u6574\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u4ee5\u53ca\u4fc3\u4f7f\u793e\u6703\u7684\u518d\u56de\u61c9\u3002\u53ef\u53c3Bourdieu, P., & D. Wacquant Loi\u0308c J. (n.d.). In An invitation to reflexive sociology (pp. 37\u201342). essay, Univ. of Chicago Press.<\/p>\n

4<\/sup>\u4e2d\u6642\u65b0\u805e\u7db2\uff0chttps:\/\/www.chinatimes.com\/realtimenews\/20210228002975-260402?chdtv \uff08\u6700\u5f8c\u700f\u89bd\u65e5\uff1a9\/18\/2021\uff09<\/p>\n

5<\/sup>\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u91ab\u5e2b\u5728\u540c\u500b\u6642\u9593\u9ede\u6240\u4e0b\u7684\u8a3a\u65b7\u662f\u5426\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8a72\u8a3a\u65b7\u662f\u5426\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u8a72\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u6a23\u8c8c\u3002\u5728\u8a34\u8a1f\u5be6\u52d9\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u767c\u751f\u4e00\u4e8c\u5be9\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u9451\u5b9a\u5831\u544a\u4e2d\uff0c\u75be\u75c5\u8a3a\u65b7\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

6<\/sup>\u88ab\u544a\u6216\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u7684\u9673\u8ff0\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u6703\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u88ab\u544a\u8a8d\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u597d\u5f97\u5f88\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u906d\u9047\u5230\u7684\u58de\u4e8b\u90fd\u662f\u904b\u6c23\u5dee\u6216\u8005\u6709\u4eba\u641e\u9b3c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u7d93\u9a57\u5c31\u6703\u5c0e\u5f15\u5230\u6b64\u89e3\u91cb\uff1b\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u544a\u7684\u5bb6\u4eba\u6703\u5c07\u88ab\u544a\u6240\u906d\u9047\u5230\u7684\u58de\u4e8b\u4ee5\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u88ab\u544a\u500b\u6027\u6216\u8005\u7cbe\u795e\u75be\u75c5\u4f5c\u70ba\u89e3\u91cb\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e8b\u5be6\u7d93\u9a57\u5c31\u6703\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n

7<\/sup>\u5373\u4fbf\u8a3a\u65b7\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u570b\u5167\u4e5f\u5c1a\u672a\u5c0d\u5211\u6cd5\u7b2c19\u689d\u7684\u300c\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u7919\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u5fc3\u667a\u7f3a\u9677\u300d\u505a\u51fa\u660e\u78ba\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4eba\u683c\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u3001\u885d\u52d5\u63a7\u5236\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u3001\u6027\u504f\u597d\u75c7\u5373\u6210\u554f\u865f\u3002\u4f46\u89c0\u5bdf\u82f1\u7f8e\u5169\u5730\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4f3c\u6709\u9010\u6f38\u64f4\u5f35\u8a8d\u5b9a\u7684\u8da8\u52e2\u3002<\/p>\n

8<\/sup>\u53f0\u7063\u7cbe\u795e\u91ab\u5b78\u6703\uff0c\u53f8\u6cd5\u7cbe\u795e\u91ab\u5b78\u624b\u518a\uff0c\u521d\u7248\uff0c\u9801208\u3002<\/p>\n

9 <\/sup>Choy, O., Raine, A., & Hamilton, R. H. \uff082018\uff09. Stimulation of the Prefrontal Cortex Reduces Intentions to Commit Aggression: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Stratified, Parallel-Group Trial. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 38\uff0829\uff09, 6505\u20136512.<\/p>\n

10<\/sup> Rogers, R. \uff081987\uff09. APA’s position on the insanity defense: Empiricism versus emotionalism. American Psychologist, 42\uff089\uff09, 840.<\/p>\n

11<\/sup>\u9ad8\u7b49\u6cd5\u9662\u81fa\u4e2d\u5206\u9662109\u5e74\u5ea6\u77da\u4e0a\u91cd\u66f4\u4e00\u5b57\u7b2c4\u865f\u5224\u6c7a\u3002<\/p>\n

12<\/sup>\u6cd5\u6e90\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7db2\uff0cttps:\/\/www.lawbank.com.tw\/news\/NewsContent.aspx?NID=179126.00\uff08\u6700\u5f8c\u700f\u89bd\u65e5\uff1a9\/18\/2021\uff09<\/p>\n

13<\/sup>\u81ea\u7531\u6642\u5831\uff0chttps:\/\/news.ltn.com.tw\/news\/society\/paper\/1456427\uff08\u6700\u5f8c\u700f\u89bd\u65e5\uff1a9\/18\/2021\uff09\uff1b\u98a8\u50b3\u5a92\uff0chttps:\/\/www.storm.mg\/article\/2006748?page=1 \uff08\u6700\u5f8c\u700f\u89bd\u65e5\uff1a9\/18\/2021\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

14<\/sup>\u8f03\u70ba\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u662f\u9673\uff2f\u5178\u5bb6\u66b4\u6bba\u4eba\u6848\uff1a\u81fa\u7063\u5f70\u5316\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u9662109\u5e74\u5ea6\u91cd\u8a34\u5b57\u7b2c12\u865f\u5224\u6c7a\uff0c\u8faf\u8b77\u4eba\u63f4\u5f15\u300c\u524d\u6848\u300d\u4e4b\u9451\u5b9a\u5831\u544a\u8cea\u7591\u300c\u672c\u6848\u300d\u4e00\u5be9\u4e4b\u9451\u5b9a\u5831\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n

15<\/sup>\u5373\u4fbf\u6709\u547c\u8072\u5e0c\u671b\u76e1\u91cf\u63d0\u65e9\u5728\u5075\u67e5\u968e\u6bb5\u5c31\u56d1\u8a17\u9451\u5b9a\uff0c\u6709\u5229\u65bc\u9451\u5b9a\u4eba\u8a55\u4f30\u6848\u767c\u6642\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4f46\u7121\u5948\u6aa2\u5bdf\u7f72\u56ff\u65bc\u9810\u7b97\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5c0d\u56d1\u8a17\u9451\u5b9a\u66f4\u7cbe\u6253\u7d30\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n

16<\/sup>\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u6703\u884d\u751f\u5176\u4ed6\u4f8b\u5982\u5c08\u5bb6\u7684\u9069\u683c\u6027\u3001\u5229\u76ca\u885d\u7a81\u3001\u5c08\u5bb6\u6230\u722d\u7b49\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/p>\n

17<\/sup>\u540c\u524d\u8a3b12\uff0c\u8acb\u53c3\u8349\u6848\u7b2c198-1\u689d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56de\u4e0a\u4e00\u9801<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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